Disasters and emergencies can be stressful for everyone, but for people with disabilities, as well as the elderly and those recovering from surgery or injury, additional challenges arise.
When it comes to assisting those with disabilities – whether permanent or temporary – emergency assistance is woefully inadequate and impacts marginalized communities even more. The National Council on Disability, in its 2023 report, wrote:
“During an emergency or major disaster people with physical, sensory, mental, or cognitive disabilities are disproportionately impacted. Despite this, the needs of people with disabilities are being overlooked in disaster management policy and planning.”
They further state:
“As the population of people with disabilities are expected to grow, continued shortages in the availability of qualified healthcare providers and the limited availability of accessible and affordable housing will exacerbate poor outcomes for people with disabilities during future emergency declarations.”
The above is not encouraging, and for this reason, if you or a loved one require extra assistance, you should plan and prepare carefully to increase your – and their – safety and well-being during an emergency. Here’s a guide to get you started:
Planning Ahead:
- Know your disability: Identify your specific needs and limitations in an emergency. Consider mobility, communication, access to medication, and dependence on assistive devices. If you are a caregiver or ally for someone who requires extra care, ensure you have this information in case you have to be their voice.
- Craft an emergency plan: Develop a clear plan that outlines your evacuation route, designated meeting spot, and communication strategy. Include your support network in the planning process so they are aware and update them with any changes. If you are a caregiver/ally, remind them to keep you apprised accordingly.
- Register with local authorities: Many cities and counties offer programs to register residents with disabilities. This ensures first responders are aware of your needs during an emergency. If you or your loved one is receiving government services, inquire if they provide emergency services or point you to the correct entity to contact. For the elderly, check for your state/city/county for something similar to Georgia’s Division of Aging Services (DAS).
- Prepare an emergency kit: Assemble a kit specifically tailored to your needs. Include essentials like medication, assistive device batteries, mobility aids, a communication board (if needed), and comfort items. If a caregiver/ally, see if you can obtain a spare kit in case their main one is damaged, left behind, or lost.
- While they can be costly, consider an evacuation chair if you cannot walk and there are stairs to descend. If you do get one of these, be sure that anyone who is going to assist you, whether personally or through local government registration, knows you have one in advance. During an emergency, make it easy to find in case you are unable to communicate. There are also evacuation sheets and mattresses.
- Practice evacuation drills: Simulate emergency scenarios in your home or workplace to ensure everyone involved knows their roles. If necessary, practice using evacuation chairs.
Home and Workplace Safety:
- Identify accessible exits: Locate accessible exits in your home and workplace. Ensure these exits are clear of clutter and easy to navigate. Assistive device maintenance: Regularly maintain your assistive devices. Keep spare parts and batteries readily available. Try not to rely on one company for your supplies; have a backup company just in case.
- Inform building management: If you live in an apartment building, inform the management team about your disability and evacuation needs.
- Workplace communication: Discuss your emergency plan with your employer and colleagues. Ensure they are aware of your evacuation requirements. If there is an elevator and stairs, inquire if your company has an evacuation chair, and if not, find out about obtaining one to keep with their emergency supplies.
Communication is Key:
- Multiple communication methods: Have alternative communication methods ready in case phones fail. This could include whistles, visual signals, or a communication board. Consider hand-held options, such as a walkie-talkie if you have someone in range you can contact in an emergency.
- ID badge with emergency information: Wear an ID badge with emergency contact information and medical needs.
- Sign up for emergency alerts: Register for local emergency alert systems to receive timely warnings and updates.
Always remember: People with disabilities have the right to receive services, physical access, and equally effective communication as required under the Americans with Disabilities Act, even during an emergency.
Planning, preparing, and staying informed can significantly enhance your safety and well-being during an emergency. Don’t hesitate to contact local disability advocacy groups or emergency management agencies for further guidance. Check the links below that will have additional resources for you. Be Ready, Be Safe!
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/emergencypreparedness.html
https://www.getprepared.gc.ca/index-en.aspx
https://www.fema.gov/about/offices/disability
https://www.ncd.gov/report/the-impacts-of-extreme-weather-events-on-people-with-disabilities/
https://www.fema.gov/sites/default/files/2020-07/fema_functional-needs-support-services-guidance.pdf
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) offers resources for people with disabilities: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/emergencypreparedness.html
The American Red Cross also has a helpful guide for emergency preparedness: https://www.getprepared.gc.ca/index-en.aspx
